This is one of 25 Category 1 weekly programs of Live Primary Care Presentations of our 22nd Annual Series in Sarasota, FLORIDA. Course topics and objectives, along with AMA-PRA, AAFP, ACEP, ACOG, and AAP CME credit details are available at our website: www.ams4cme.com . Popular morning sessions allow participants time for study, family activities, and recreation. World famous beaches, Ringling Museum, Van Wezel Performing Arts Hall, the Asolo Theater, Opera House, Selby Gardens, and Mote Marine Laboratory/Aquarium; two hours drive to Disney World, Sea World and other Florida's attractions. DAILY OUTLINE for this course: DAY 1 - Hypertension. Chest Pain and Noninvasive Testing for Coronary Artery Disease. Risk Factors. Risk Stratification. DAY 2 - Risk Reduction. Atrial Fibrillation. Aortic Valve Disease. Mitral Valve Disease. DAY 3 - Congestive Heart Failure. Diastolic Heart Failure and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Diseases of the Aorta – Aneurysm and Dissection. Cardiac Emergencies – Acute Pulmonary Edema and Shock. DAY 4 - Perioperative Cardiac Evaluation and Management. Syncope. Sudden Cardiac Death and Bradycardia. Palpitations and Supraventricular Tachycardia. DAY 5 - Acute ST- Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Unstable Angina Pectoris/Non ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Stable Angina. Interesting Clinical Cases. Women and Coronary Artery Disease. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES for this course: DAY 1 - HYPERTENSION – Define hypertension for the general population and various subgroups. The importance of isolated systolic hypertension. Low diastolic pressure may be prognostically good or bad. Treatment of hypertension. CHEST PAIN AND NONINVASIVE TESTING FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE – Differentiate life-threatening from more benign chest pain. Approach to the patient with chest pain, with the use of probability analysis. Relative merits of the various diagnostic tests for coronary artery disease. RISK FACTORS – Risk factors for coronary artery disease. Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. How emerging risk factors affect cardiovascular risk. RISK STRATIFICATION – The Framingham Model for assessment of absolute risk. Limitations of the Framingham Model. Assessment of absolute risk to guide therapy. DAY 2 - RISK REDUCTION – National guidelines for primary and secondary risk reduction. Treatment of lipid disorders. How major trials affect decisions on pharmacologic reduction of risk. ATRIAL FIBRILLATION – Importance of anticoagulation in the management of atrial fibrillation. Pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical methods of normalizing ventricular rate. Two possible strategies for cardioversion in atrial fibrillation. Potential benefit and harm of antiarrhythmic therapies. AORTIC VALVE DISEASE – Identify the patient with aortic valve disease through history and physical examination. The role of non-invasive and invasive testing in diagnosis and management. Medical therapy and indications for aortic valve replacement. MITRAL VALVE DISEASE – Identify the patient with mitral valve disease through history and physical examination. The role of non-invasive and invasive testing in diagnosis and management. Medical therapy and indications for mitral valve replacement and repair. Symptoms and adverse outcomes that do and do not result from mitral valve prolapse. DAY 3 - CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE – Cardiac etiologies of pulmonary congestion. Ejection fraction and stroke volume. Causes of systolic heart failure. Current standard-of-care therapies, differentiating between those treatments which reduce mortality and those that improve symptoms. DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE AND HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY – The prevalence and pathophysiology of diastolic failure. Effective treatment strategies for diastolic heart failure. Prognosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Treatment strategies in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. DISEASES OF THE AORTA – ANEURYSM AND DISSECTION – The lethality of aortic rupture and dissection. Screening for and management of patients with aortic aneurysms. Acute aortic dissection and those at risk for this potentially lethal disease. CARDIAC EMERGENCIES – ACUTE PULMONARY EDEMA AND SHOCK – Differentiate cardiac from non-cardiac pulmonary edema. Chronic and acute heart failure. Therapies for acute pulmonary edema. Define cardiogenic shock in hemodynamic and clinical terms. Differential diagnosis for shock. The importance of revascularization in the patient with shock due to acute myocardial infarction. DAY 4 - PERIOPERATIVE CARDIAC EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT – What the surgical team wants to know. Cardiovascular effects of anesthesia and surgery. Elements of appropriate preoperative evaluation, including the role of non-invasive testing for coronary artery disease, using national guidelines. Perioperative measures, which may reduce the risk of cardiac complications. SYNCOPE – Common underlying pathophysiology for all causes of syncope. Benign and life-threatening causes of syncope. The diagnostic yield in the work-up of syncope. The clinical history to help focus the work-up for syncope. SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH AND BRADYCARDIA – Which patients need additional evaluation and treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. Which patients need additional evaluation and treatment of cardiac conduction abnormalities. Indications for permanent electronic pacemakers. PALPITATIONS AND SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA – Diagnostic algorithm for differentiating various supraventricular tachycardias. How to acutely treat and chronically manage reentrant supraventricular tachycardias. Diagnostic approach for the patient with palpitations. Recognize benign from potentially life-threatening causes of palpitations. DAY 5 - ACUTE ST- ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION – Relate the differences in plaque morphology to the differences between stable angina and acute coronary syndromes. The patient with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction, including the use of newer markers of cardiac injury. Treatment strategies that reduce mortality, and the importance of minimizing time delay. Complications of acute infarction. Assess post-infarction risk. UNSTABLE ANGINA PECTORIS/NON ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND STABLE ANGINA – The patient with unstable angina or non ST-elevation infarction and tailor therapy to the degree of risk. Who benefits from revascularization. Determinants of myocardial oxygen demand and supply, and the effects of medications on these determinants. Step-wise approach to the treatment of stable angina. INTERESTING CLINICAL CASES – Most important clinical aspects in the diagnosis, evaluation and management of patients with cardiac risk factors. Most important clinical aspects in the diagnosis, evaluation and management of patients with cardiac symptoms. Most important clinical aspects in the diagnosis, evaluation and management of patients with known cardiac diseases. When to refer complex patients for subspecialty care. WOMEN AND CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE – How coronary risk factors affect women. Strategy for evaluating chest pain in women. Different clinical profiles of men and women with acute myocardial infarction. The risks and benefits of therapeutic modalities in women with coronary disease.

This is one of 25 Category 1 weekly programs of Live Primary Care Presentations of our 22nd Annual Series in Sarasota, FLORIDA. Course topics and objectives, along with AMA-PRA, AAFP, ACEP, ACOG, and AAP CME credit details are available at our website: www.ams4cme.com . Popular morning sessions allow participants time for study, family activities, and recreation. World famous beaches, Ringling Museum, Van Wezel Performing Arts Hall, the Asolo Theater, Opera House, Selby Gardens, and Mote Marine Laboratory/Aquarium; two hours drive to Disney World, Sea World and other Florida's attractions. DAILY OUTLINE for this course: DAY 1 - Introduction – Essentials of Dermatology Diagnosis. Common Problems in Office Dermatology. Herpes Simplex, Zoster and Lichen Planus. Psoriasis. DAY 2 - Common Tumors in the Office Setting, Part 1: Warts, Common Neoplasms of the Head and Neck. Common Tumors in the Office Setting, Part 2: Keratoses, Cysts, Granuloma Annulare, Lymphoma Vascular Tumors. Problems in the Sun, Part 1: Solar Radiation; Photodamage; Actinic Keratosis. Problems in the Sun, Part 2: Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers; Photosensitivity Reactions; Sun Protection. DAY 3 - Malignant Melanoma, Pt. 1: Melanoma, Birthmarks. Malignant Melanoma, Pt. 2: Nevi, Dysplastic Nevi. Contact Dermatitis. Leg Ulcers and the Principles of Wound Care. DAY 4 - Acne, Part 1: Pathophysiology, Recognition and Treatment. Acne, Part 2: Identification and Treatment of Acne, Acneiform Eruptions and Rosacea. Dermatologic Manifestations of Systemic Disease. Case Studies in Dermatology. DAY 5 - Drug Eruptions: Etiology, Differential Diagnosis and Treatment. Infections in Dermatology. Pathophysiology and Treatment of Foot Ulcers: Diabetic Ischemic and Neuropathic. “Cases That Have Taught Me a Lesson.” SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES for this course: DAY 1 - INTRODUCTION – ESSENTIALS OF DERMATOLOGY DIAGNOSIS – Approach dermatologic disorders with a consistent and logical method. The role of "color" in the diagnosis of cutaneous lesions. Therapy of common disorders. COMMON PROBLEMS IN OFFICE DERMATOLOGY – Differential diagnosis of common disorders based on lesion morphology and distribution. The many manifestations of cutaneous fungal disease. Fungal foot and nail changes, and therapy. HERPES SIMPLEX; ZOSTER; LICHEN PLANUS – Differentiate herpes simplex and herpes zoster based on morphology and distribution of lesions and laboratory testing. The varied manifestations and complications of herpes zoster. Treatment plan for herpes simplex and herpes zoster. PSORIASIS – The spectrum of classical and subtle cutaneous changes of psoriasis. Basic pathophysiology of psoriasis. Approach topical psoriasis therapy with a basic algorithm. DAY 2 - COMMON TUMORS IN THE OFFICE SETTING, PART 1: WARTS, COMMON NEOPLASMS OF THE HEAD AND NECK – The multiple cutaneous manifestations of warts and a stepwise treatment approach based on literature review. Common cutaneous tumors, both, benign and malignant, occurring on face and scalp. A treatment plan for common tumors, which may include observation, biopsy, removal, and referral. COMMON TUMORS IN THE OFFICE SETTING, PART 2: KERATOSES, CYSTS, GRANULOMA ANNULARE, LYMPHOMA VASCULAR TUMORS – Common dermal tumors, including indications for biopsy. Cutaneous lymphoma and common vascular tumors. PROBLEMS IN THE SUN, PART 1: SOLAR RADIATION; PHOTODAMAGE; ACTINIC KERATOSIS – Distinguish photo-distributed eruptions from those in which sunlight plays no role. Common clinical presentations of nonmelanoma skin cancers and precancers. Therapeutic approach to ultraviolet induced lesions. PROBLEMS IN THE SUN, PART 2: NON-MELANOMA SKIN CANCERS; PHOTOSENSITIVITY REACTIONS; SUN PROTECTION – Common photosensitivity disorders. Diagnosis and treatment of these conditions. Sun protective measures for your patients. DAY 3 - MALIGNANT MELANOMA, PT. 1: MELANOMA, BIRTHMARKS – The ABCDE approach to the description of pigmented lesions and features of melanoma. The biology of melanoma. Surgical approach to melanoma. MALIGNANT MELANOMA, PT. 2: NEVI, DYSPLASTIC NEVI – "Dysplastic nevi" and the relationship between dysplastic nevi and melanomas. Approach to examination and follow up of families with dysplastic nevi and melanomas. Methods of photoprotection and the relationship of the sun to melanomas. CONTACT DERMATITIS – The complexity of testing for identification of allergies in contact dermatitis. Identify and treat poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. Common contactants seen in the office setting. LEG ULCERS AND THE PRINCIPLES OF WOUND CARE – Differentiate and treat leg ulcers based on etiology. Basic principles of wound care. The rationale for various wound dressings. DAY 4 - ACNE, PART 1: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, RECOGNITION AND TREATMENT – Types of acne lesions and therapy based on pathophysiology. Therapeutic ladder with a clear understanding of treatment indications, expectations, and side effects. Current issues regarding usage of isotretinoin and long-term oral antibiotics. ACNE, PART 2: IDENTIFICATION AND TREATMENT OF ACNE, ACNEIFORM ERUPTIONS AND ROSACEA – Various acneiform eruptions. Testing to distinguish such conditions, including culture and biopsy when appropriate, and initiate therapy. Rosacea. DERMATOLOGIC MANIFESTATIONS OF SYSTEMIC DISEASE – Cutaneous markers of certain systemic diseases. Specific and nonspecific findings in relationship to underlying disease. Pruritus and differentiate those cases associated with systemic disease vs. primary cutaneous disease, including atopic dermatitis. CASE STUDIES IN DERMATOLOGY – Differential diagnosis based on clinical presentation and patient history. Importance of morphology and pattern recognition in cutaneous disorders. DAY 5 - DRUG ERUPTIONS: ETIOLOGY, DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT – The numerous eruptions induced by medications. The “most common” suspected drugs in producing certain reaction patterns. INFECTIONS IN DERMATOLOGY – Infectious processes involving the skin. Common cutaneous infections, including indications for biopsy. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF FOOT ULCERS: DIABETIC ISCHEMIC AND NEUROPATHIC – Ischemic and neuropathic etiologies of diabetic foot ulcers. Treat neuropathic ulcers successfully with debridement and weight off loading. The rationale for selected footwear in the patient with neuropathy. “CASES THAT HAVE TAUGHT ME A LESSON.” – Skin changes that point to specific and varied cutaneous disorders encountered in the office.

This is one of 25 Category 1 weekly programs of Live Primary Care Presentations of our 22nd Annual Series in Sarasota, FLORIDA. Course topics and objectives, along with AMA-PRA, AAFP, ACEP, ACOG, and AAP CME credit details are available at our website: www.ams4cme.com . Popular morning sessions allow participants time for study, family activities, and recreation. World famous beaches, Ringling Museum, Van Wezel Performing Arts Hall, the Asolo Theater, Opera House, Selby Gardens, and Mote Marine Laboratory/Aquarium; two hours drive to Disney World, Sea World and other Florida's attractions. DAILY OUTLINE for this course: DAY 1 - Pediatric Immunization Update. Antibiotic Update. Serious Infections of the Head and Neck. The Child with “Too Many” Infections. DAY 2 - The Age of MRSA. Cases from the Files of a Pediatric ID Consultant. Lymphadenopathy in Children: Diagnostic Approach. Kawasaki Disease. DAY 3 - Acute Otitis Media: Of Pathogens and Patients. Clinical Approach to Congenital Infections. Evaluation and Management of the Febrile Infant. Pediatric Lower Respiratory Infection. DAY 4 - Virus X: Ubiquitous, Uncanny, Understandable. Tick-Borne Infections: Hot Spots and Bullseyes. Urinary Tract Infections. Infectious Diseases Walking Through Your Office Door. DAY 5 - Pediatric Meningitis Revisited. Cat Scratch Disease, Old and New. Chief Complaint: Fever and Rash. The Top Ten Pediatric Infectious Diseases Articles of the Year. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES for this course: DAY 1 - PEDIATRIC IMMUNIZATION UPDATE – Changes in childhood immunizations and newly available vaccines. Future innovations in immunization. ANTIBIOTIC UPDATE – Trends in antibiotic resistance. Empiric antibiotic usage for common pediatric conditions. Strategies to resist further development of antibiotic resistance. SERIOUS INFECTIONS OF THE HEAD AND NECK – Differences and similarities in the clinical appearance, diagnosis and treatment of peritonsillar, retropharyngeal, and parapharyngeal space infections. Approach to the child with red, swollen eye or cheek. THE CHILD WITH “TOO MANY” INFECTIONS – Office evaluation of the child with frequent infections. The presentation of the most common causes of recurrent infections in childhood when to consider immune deficiency states, then the management issues for physician providing pediatric healthcare. DAY 2 - THE AGE OF MRSA – Emergence and development of drug resistance and MRSA in particular. Prevalence and differences in diagnosing and treating both community and hospital acquired MRSA. Importance of appropriate and timely diagnosis when confronted with MRSA. Alternative therapies recommended when challenged by MRSA. Preventative measures in helping to reduce the incidence of MRSA. CASES FROM THE FILES OF A PEDIATRIC ID CONSULTANT – Instructive pediatric infectious diseases cases and approaches to a variety of interesting clinical challenges as presented to the ID consultant. Non-infectious conditions may masquerade as infectious diseases and history is the key to most diagnoses. LYMPHADENOPATHY IN CHILDREN: DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH – Differentiate serious from reactive adenopathy. Approach patient based on location and tempo of adenopathy. Laboratory aids in diagnosis. KAWASAKI DISEASE – Clinical / laboratory manifestations of Kawasaki disease. Therapy for the condition. The potential for coronary complications. DAY 3 - ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA – Trends in resistance in pediatric pathogens. Empiric antibiotic therapy. Unnecessary antibiotic usage. CLINICAL APPROACH TO CONGENITAL INFECTIONS – Clinical / laboratory evidence of different infections. The role maternal serologic testing. Therapy and long-term management plans. EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE FEBRILE INFANT – Common bacterial pathogens associated with fever in infants < 8 weeks. The rationale for current diagnostic evaluation in these patients. Treatment options for this patient population. PEDIATRIC LOWER RESPIRATORY INFECTION – The association of age, seasonal, clinical presentation, and chest x-ray findings with etiology of pediatric pneumonia. Diagnostic approach to infants and children suspected to have pneumonia, treatment options and the implications of emerging bacterial resistance. DAY 4 - VIRUS X: UBIQUITOUS, UNCANNY, UNDERSTANDABLE – Pathophysiology of Epstein-Barr virus infection. The diverse clinical manifestations of EBV infection. Laboratory work-up based on the situation. TICK-BORNE INFECTIONS: HOT SPOTS AND BULLSEYES – Epidemiology of tick-borne infections. Clinical / laboratory manifestations. Empiric therapy. URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS – Clinical situations in which urinary tract infections should be considered. Diagnostic methods for urinary tract infection, their reliability and application, and their limitations. Treatment options and follow up strategies. INFECTIOUS DISEASES WALKING THROUGH YOUR OFFICE DOOR – Prepare for emerging infectious diseases. Important symptoms and signs. A plan for management. DAY 5 - PEDIATRIC MENINGITIS – Common presenting features of bacterial and viral meningitis. Common pathogens and treatment for bacterial meningitis. Management priorities and potential complications of bacterial meningitis. CAT SCRATCH DISEASE – Classic and more recently described clinical presentations of cat scratch disease and the general approach to diagnosis. Treatment options for the various clinical conditions associated with Bartonella henselae infection. FEVER AND RASH – Distinctive clinical illnesses with fever and rash. Approach to clinical and laboratory diagnosis. THE TOP TEN PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES ARTICLES OF THE YEAR – Critical information in the field. Stimulate discussion among colleagues and effect changes in practice patterns.

This is one of 25 Category 1 weekly programs of Live Primary Care Presentations of our 22nd Annual Series in Sarasota, FLORIDA. Course topics and objectives, along with AMA-PRA, AAFP, ACEP, ACOG, and AAP CME credit details are available at our website: www.ams4cme.com . Popular morning sessions allow participants time for study, family activities, and recreation. World famous beaches, Ringling Museum, Van Wezel Performing Arts Hall, the Asolo Theater, Opera House, Selby Gardens, and Mote Marine Laboratory/Aquarium; two hours drive to Disney World, Sea World and other Florida's attractions. DAILY OUTLINE for this course: DAY 1 - “Nuts and Bolts” of Pulmonary Function Testing – The Basics. Asthma Update. COPD - Overview of Patient Management – Part I & II. DAY 2 - Disorders of Sleep – Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Others. Pleural Diseases. Approach to the Patient with Chronic Cough. Preoperative Pulmonary Assessment. DAY 3 - Approach to Acid-Base Disturbances. Acute Respiratory Failure and Mechanical Ventilation. Shock and Hemodynamic Monitoring. Critical Care Cases for Review, Part I. DAY 4 - Critical Care Cases for Review, Part II. Community Acquired Pneumonia. Tuberculosis. Lung Cancer. DAY 5 - Hemoptysis. Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disease. Interstitial Lung Diseases – The Basics. Pulmonary Cases for Review. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES for this course: DAY 1 - “NUTS AND BOLTS” OF PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTING – The Basics. - “Nuts and bolts” of pulmonary function testing with an emphasis on outpatient office spirometry. Components of PFTs including spirometry, lung volumes and diffusion. Indications for PFTs. Describe when bronchodilator and bronchoprovocation studies are useful. Approach to PFT interpretation and be able to distinguish common patterns. Different patterns of upper airway obstruction. A VARIETY OF ACTUAL PFTS WILL BE PRESENTED FOR INTERPRETATION AND REVIEW. ASTHMA UPDATE. - The current status of outpatient asthma diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing recent NIH guidelines. Pathophysiology of this inflammatory disease. Typical and atypical clinical presentations with cases serving as examples. Diagnostic modalities. Approach to treatment including bronchodilators, corticosteroids and methylxanthines. New agents and alternative therapies. Techniques to ensure patient compliance. Proper inhaler technique and peak flow monitoring. The patient who is not responding and indications for subspecialty referral. COPD - OVERVIEW OF PATIENT MANAGEMENT – PARTS I & II – Definition and pathophysiology of COPD. Natural history and clinical features of COPD. Adverse health effects of cigarette smoking and present recommendations for helping patients “kick the habit”. Aspects of outpatient management including long term oxygen therapy and pharmacologic treatment. A treatment algorithm and indications for specialist referral. Surgical treatment options for emphysema. DAY 2 - DISORDERS OF SLEEP – OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA AND OTHERS – Epidemiology of obstructive sleep apnea. Clinical presentation and how to take a thorough “sleep history.” Diagnostic work-up including overnight polysomnography. Treatment modalities including CPAP, dental appliances, surgery & others. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome, central sleep apnea, Cheyne Stokes breathing, narcolepsy and periodic leg movements of sleep. PLEURAL DISEASES. - PLEURAL EFFUSIONS CAN BE CAUSED BY A WIDE VARIETY OF DISORDERS – Anatomy of the pleural space and the physiology of pleural fluid formation. Outline the imaging modalities available including plain chest radiography, ultrasonography and CT scanning. Indications and contraindications for thoracentesis. Characterize pleural fluid in a cost effective manner with an emphasis on differential diagnosis. Indications for pleural biopsy and diagnostic pleuroscopy. Treatment modalities available. Cases will be presented demonstrating some common and some not so common causes of pleural effusion. Recommendations on specialist referral will be provided. APPROACH TO THE PATIENT WITH CHRONIC COUGH – Pathophysiology and most common etiologies of cough. Features of a focused history and physical. Cost effective approach to diagnosis and treatment. PREOPERATIVE PULMONARY ASSESSMENT – Respiratory effects of anesthesia and surgery with emphasis on patients with at-risk complications. Perioperative risk factors associated with post-op pulmonary complications. Appropriate preoperative evaluation including the role of arterial blood gas measurement and spirometry. Preoperative measures that can minimize operative and postoperative respiratory complications. DAY 3 - APPROACH TO ACID-BASE DISTURBANCES – Primary metabolic and respiratory acid- base disturbances and their compensatory mechanisms. Approach to the interpretation of any acid-base problem. Differential diagnosis of the major simple and mixed acid-base disturbances. Illustrative case studies will be discussed. ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE AND MECHANICAL VENTILATION – Pathophysiology and differential diagnosis of acute hypoxemic and hypersonic respiratory failure. Pathophysiology and differential diagnosis of acute respiratory failure. Concepts of management for patients on mechanical ventilation. Commonly used ventilator modes. Use of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). Indications for and complications of mechanical ventilation. Weaning, including general principles and strategies for weaning from mechanical ventilation. SHOCK AND HEMODYNAMIC MONITORING – Shock and the causes. The pathophysiology of common entities. Basic resuscitation techniques including volume replacement and the use of vasopressors. Review of early goal directed therapy. Current controversies surrounding the use of invasive hemodynamic monitoring. New treatments for septic shock. This will include the use of activated protein C and the role of corticosteroids. Critical Care Cases for Review; A variety of Critical Care cases will be presented with audience participation. X-rays and other diagnostic studies will be shown in an attempt to emphasize some of the common problems seen in the ICU. Cases will include a variety of pulmonary as well as non-pulmonary topics. DAY 4 - CRITICAL CARE CASES FOR REVIEW, PART II. A variety of Critical Care cases will be presented with audience participation. X-rays and other diagnostic studies will be shown in an attempt to emphasize some of the common problems seen in the ICU. Cases will include a variety of pulmonary as well as non-pulmonary topics. COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA – Categorize patients with respect to severity of illness. Strategy to triage patients - outpatient therapy, hospitalize or ICU. Different pathogens that commonly cause community acquired pneumonia. Current status of diagnostic work-up including the use of cultures, gram stains, serology and bronchoscopy. We will emphasize a cost effective approach. Demonstrate how to properly use antibiotics for community acquired pneumonia. Old and new agents. Cases will be presented with chest x-rays and gram stains to illustrate important teaching points. TUBERCULOSIS – Epidemiology of tuberculosis. Clinical presentations including pulmonary, pleural and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Identify ATS/CDC criteria for positive tuberculin skin test. Treatment of LTBI. The role of skin testing, sputum examination and bronchoscopy in diagnosis. Most recent ATS/CDC/IDSA Guidelines for TB therapy. Specific agents and their toxicities as well as formal treatment regimens. The problem of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and implications for therapy. LUNG CANCER – Epidemiology of lung cancer. Major types of lung carcinoma, particularly small cell and non-small cell cancer. Basic clinical aspects of both small cell and non-small cell cancer including staging, natural history, and associated extrapulmonary syndromes. Diagnostic strategy for patients with suspected lung cancer. Current treatment options for small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. DAY 5 - HEMOPTYSIS – Causes for hemoptysis. Severity of a bleeding episode. Diagnostic modalities available. Acute basic therapy and indications for specialist referral. PULMONARY THROMBOEMBOLIC DISEASE – Epidemiology, risk factors, & clinical presentation of PE & DVT. Role of DVT prophylaxis and the current status of low molecular weight heparin. Diagram the diagnostic work-up including V/Q scanning, lower extremity studies, CT scanning, pulmonary angiography and others. Tx modalities including anticoagulation, thrombolysis & vena cava filters. INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASES – Spectrum of interstitial lung disease. Basic understanding of the diagnostic work-up, which can include high resolution CT scanning and tissue biopsy. Clinical and radiographic manifestations of sarcoidosis. Overview of management will be provided. Typical presentation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis as well as management issues. Presentation of Cases with x-rays, CT scans and pathology to illustrate important features. The discussion will focus on basic concepts and will include guidelines on specialist’s referral. PULMONARY CASES FOR REVIEW – Variety of cases will be discussed in order to review some of the important points outlined during the week. New information that was not formally covered in the previous sessions. The session will be interactive.